favouritism
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Bureaucratic nepotism: Evidence from Colombia
Family ties to non-elected bureaucrats distort public employment outcomes, and standard anti-nepotism policies are ineffective at preventing their negative influence
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Do social structures affect the success of development policies?
Policy delivery agents perform better when working with members of their own social groups thereby affecting the efficiency of policy interventions
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Social ties and ‘hometown favouritism’ towards local officials in China
Hometown auditors report lower suspicious expenditures, implying that social ties are associated with greater leniency
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The problem of public sector absenteeism
Smartphone monitoring streamlined information flows and improved inspection rates at public clinics across Punjab