affirmative action

Evidence from Brazil's transition to a national college admission exam shows that higher-stakes testing widened socioeconomic test score gaps, yet also improved the exam's ability to predict students' college success.

Evidence from an elite university in Brazil that began reserving 45% of its admission slots for low-income and minority applicants shows that the policy increased early-career earnings for disadvantaged students, yet it also reduced the earnings of t...

Gender gaps in access to education have persisted in low- and middle-income countries, despite all but closing in high-income countries. Affirmative action for women in public universities in Afghanistan increased the share of women admitted by 32%. ...

Evidence from Brazil shows how affirmative action students in the higher education system adjust their behaviour to catch up with initially higher-performing privileged students

Women leaders increase the provision of public goods that benefit women and children more, and also raise the aspirations of girls and their parents

Access to formal complaints technologies improves minorities’ strategic bargaining power within local government and improves public good provision

Affirmative action in local Indian politics increased graduation rates for girls and reduced the aspiration gap between boys and girls

Caste-based reservations in government jobs and colleges in India resulted in potential future beneficiaries staying in school longer