Latika Chaudhary is an associate professor of economics in the Graduate School of Business and Public Policy at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey. Her research focuses on key issues in economic history and development. Specifically, she has studied how British policies influenced outcomes in sectors such as education and railways in India. She has published articles in the American Economic Journal, Economic Policy and Journal of Economic History among other journals. Her recent co-edited book A New Economic History of Colonial India was published in 2016. 

She received her PhD in economics from the University of California, Los Angeles, and a BA in economics from the University of California, Berkeley, Her dissertation was nominated for the Gerschenkron Dissertation Prize in Economic History in 2006. She was an economics fellow at Stanford University from 2007 to 2009, a visiting fellow at the Institute of Advanced Study at the University of Warwick in 2010, and a Hoover Institution National Fellow in 2013–14.