Martine Mariotti is Associate Professor of Economics at Australian National University. Her research interests are in economic history, demography and development economics. Her work focuses on incomes, jobs, living standards and demographic outcomes, and the factors that led to changes in material outcomes for the lives of southern Africans over the last 150 years. Martine’s research has appeared in a number of top-ranked economics journals including American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Economic Development and Cultural Change, Economic History Review, and European Review of Economic History.