tariffs

Traditional trade agreements cause deforestation in the tropics. But if tariffs are contingent on the forest cover, trade can motivate conservation.

International trade policies subsidise pollution by favouring dirty industries, who face lower trade barriers

Improvements in road infrastructure magnify firm productivity gains from input tariff liberalisation

Chad Bown discusses what happened during the US-China trade war, when, what it meant - and what happens next

Why do trade barriers remain high in developing countries despite the significant potential to drive economic growth through trade?

The aggregate annual loss to US consumers from higher import prices as a result of the trade war with China could be as much as $68.8 billion

Cuts in tariffs on Vietnamese imports led to a reallocation of workers from the informal to the formal sector and increased labour productivity

Lower tariffs promote quality upgrading of products close to the world quality frontier, but discourage quality upgrading for those far away from it

Trade leads to improved industry performance and innovation, and a reduction in inefficiencies in developing countries